Volkswagen Touran Service Manual: Cracking
| Cracking is the term for shallow cracks in the sidewall of
the tire. |
| They run starting from the bulge in the direction of the
tire shoulder. See Illustration for the mentioned components.
Refer to
→ Fig. ""Components of a Tire"". |
| The cause is the increase in material at the joints of the
tire components. |
| Cracking has no effect on |
| Other characteristics of the tire. |
| Cracks can be of varying visibility. Removing the tire from
the rim or an examination is not necessary. |
| Modern steel belted tires are constructed with single-ply
sidewalls to save weight. |
| The sidewall components consist of long strips before they
are joined together to form a tire. They must overlap at the
joints. Small irregularities/ripples form in the area of the
overlapping components. The overlaps are easier to see from the
outside due to the single-ply construction. |
|
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Heel and Toe Wear
What is a Flat Spot From Standing?
Terms like flat portion, flattening, are also used as a term
for flat spots from standing.
...
A wear spot is a flat spot on the tread of the tires that
can be caused by extreme braking maneuvers on subsurface such as
asphalt.
At th ...
Other materials:
Volkswagen Touran Service Manual. Flat Spots
What is a Flat Spot From Standing?
Terms like flat portion, flattening, are also used as a term
for flat spots from standing.
Flat spots from standing cause vibration, like an
incorrectly balanced wheel. It is important ...
Volkswagen Touran Service Manual. Pressure and Boiling Point
The boiling point given in tables for a liquid is always
referenced to an atmospheric pressure of 1 bar (14.5 psi). If
the pressure acting on a fluid changes, its boiling point also
changes.
For example, water boils at a lower temperatur ...
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Flat Spots
Wear Spots